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Trollinger
Trollinger (or Schiava and Vernatsch) is a red German/Italian wine grape variety that was likely first originally cultivated in the wine regions of South Tyrol and Trentino, but today is almost exclusively cultivated on steep, sunny locations in the Württemberg wine region of Baden-Württemberg. It is primarily known under the synonyms Trollinger in Germany, Vernatsch in South Tyrol and Schiava in other Italian regions. As a table grape the variety is sometimes known as Black Hamburg,〔J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes'' pgs 171 and 191-192 Oxford University Press 1996 ISBN 0198600984 〕 which is commonly confused with the similar synonym for Black Muscat — a variety that is actually a cross of Trollinger and Muscat of Alexandria.〔 Appellation America (Black Muscat ) Grape details〕
According to wine expert Oz Clarke, Trollinger has moderate acidity and tends to produce light bodied wines with fruity strawberry and subtle smokey notes.〔Oz Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pgs 229, 270 and 273 Harcourt Books 2001 ISBN 0-15-100714-4〕
==History==
While the grape is likely northern Italian in origin, the synonym ''Schiava'' is closely related to the Italian word for "Slave" and may hint at Slavic origins for the grape variety. Records show that the grape has been growing in the Trentino-Alto Adige region since at least the 13th century.〔 The German synonym Trollinger appears to a be corruption of the word ''Tirolinger'' meaning "of Tyrol".〔 The synonym Vernatsch appears to have a similar origins as Vernaccia in having the same root word as "vernacular" or "local". British Master of Wine Nicolas Belfrage has interpreted this association as further evidence that the grape likely originated in the South Tyrol/Alto Adige region.〔
At some point the grape migrated northwards to the southern regions of Germany though the exact date of its arrival is unknown. In Württemberg, viticulture has existed since at least the 8th century when monks from Burgundy established monasteries and vineyards in the region. In nearby Lauffen am Neckar, it was established even earlier during Roman times,〔K. B. Stewart ''A Traveller's Wine Guide to Germany'' pgs 106-114 Aurum Press, London (1998) ISBN 1854105140 〕 but the earliest records for Trollinger growing in the Württemberg region can only be traced back to 14th century.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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